[Rwanda Forum] Mureke twamagane Munsangamfura Sixbert

Mureke  twamagane  Munsangamfura  Sixbert  kubera ko arimo gukomeza gukengeza  ibinyoma ku mahano yabaye ku banyarwanda. Biragaragara ko uyu mugabo ari umuswa  cyane kugeza aho adashobora  gusesangura impamvu y'ibintu yabonye.

1.           Ngo yari afite  liste y'abagombaga kwicwa.  Iyo liste yayihawe n'ande. Kuki atibuka izina cyangwa  ngo uwo wamuhaye iyo liste arimubaze aryandike maze azarivuge mu gihe bizaba  ari ngomba. Ngo ni interahamwe zamuhaye iyo liste,kandi ibyo bigasobunura ko ubwo genocide yatagewe. Ibyo tuzi muri propagande ya FPR ni uko ari Leta ariyo yateguye iyo  genocide, none se liste ni Leta yayihaye interahamwe ? Kuri iyo liste hagombye kuba hari izina rya ministère  cyangwa indi service ya Leta.  Iyo liste yariho abantu bangahe. Iyo liste se yari ifite addresse, logo na Ministere cyangwa Service yaturutsemo?.  Ese hasi hari umuntu wasinye iyo liste?

2.            Ese kuki Munsangamfura ariwe bayihaye. Ese yayikoresheje iki. Ese yayihaye abo muri opposition nka Twagiramungu cyangwa abandi nayobozi bo muri opposition Mukenzamfura yakoranaga nabo. Kuki ba Twagiramuntu batifashishije  iyo liste muri za campagnes bakoraga nyamara icyo  gihe twese tuzi ko amashyaka yisanzuraga nawe Musengamfura akisanzura mu  kinyamakuru cye. Ese  ko hari abahutu bahishe cyangwa barengera abatutsi nti bicwe, Mukenzamfura we wari ufite iyo liste hari abo  yafashije ntibicwa abamenyesha ko bari kuri iyo liste.  Ese iyo liste yayitangaje mu kinyamakuru ke. Niba ataribokoze, kuki ? Ese iyo ayitangaza  mu kinyamakuru cye ntiyajya kurokora benshi bishwe ?  Ni kihe cyemezo Munsengamfura afite cyerekana ko iyo liste itakozwe na FPR.

 

3.           Ese ntimwatubariza Munsangamfura ibi bikurikira ?

Kuki Munsanganfura avugira Rutaremara mugihe  Rutaremara ubwe atigeze yisubiraho  cyangwa ngo asobanure ibyo yavuze.

Kuki Munsangamfura akoresha amazina abiri? Bimumuriye iki. We ko adakurikiranwa na Kigali, kuki akoresha amazina abiri, aratinya iki gukoresha izina rye yahawe na se.

 

4.           Ko Munsangamfura nta mwanya yari afite ku ngomba ya Habyarimana bityo akaba yarahuye cyangwa akamenya imikorere ya  Perezida Habyarimana, kuki Munsangamfura  ubu uba hanze y'igihugu ntacyo yakora ku bibera mu Rawnda ari umwanzi wa Habyarimana  kugeza ko na nubu akishimiye urupfu rwe?

 

5.           Abo bose ba Munsangamfura, ba Joseph Ngarambe, ba Matata,  n'abandi benshi bititaga abanyamkuru cyangwa bita ku ku burenganzira bwa muntu kandi barwanyaga Habyarimana nibo batumiraga za ONGs zo mu Bufaransa n'ahandi zije gukora enquetes zerekeye uburenganzira bwa muntu mu Rwanda mu gihe cy'intambara. Izo za ONGs ubu nizo zirimo  gushora Charles Onana mu nkiko. Izo za NGOs zakoraga rapports zibogamye zitanageze muri zones zoses zari zarafashwe na FPR. Izo za ONG zikirenganziza abaturage b'i Byumba bose bavuye mu byabo imyaka ine yose bari mu nkambi hafi ya Kigali ndetse n'abantu benshi bishwe na FPR i Byumba no gihugu cyose. Rapports bakora ga ntaho zivuga ibyo byose byakozwe na FPR.

 

6.           Abahakana bavuga guhanura indege ya Habyarimana ataribyo byo byatumye genocide itangira biratwumvisha ko bazi uwayihanuye, ko ntacyo bitwaye kuyihanura, ko niyo uwo muntu wayihanuye atayihanura genocide yajyaga kuba ariko ntibarenge aho ngo basobanure ukuntu  n'igihe genocide yashoboraga kubera indege itahanuwe.  Uwahanuye indege baramuzi, ni FPR ariko sibyo byatumye  genocide iba. Bati guhanura indege ni akanu gato katagize  katagize uruhare muri genocide y'u Rwanda.

 

7.           Muri kiganiro cyakorewe kuri Youtube ya Tharcisse Seemana hari umwe wavuganiraga Mukenzamfura, agatekereza mu mwanya we ariko Mukenzamfura we akabikuba zero. Uwo mugabo araseba rwose. Kuvugira umuntu akagusuzugura ntiyite ku byo uvuga, agakora nkaho udahari. Uyu mugabo yasebye rwose. Mubimumenyshe. Uwo mugabo wigize umuvugizi wa Mukezamfura agamije iki?

 

 

 

 

 

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[Rwanda Forum] Callixte Mbarushimana : Kagame yaramubeshyeye bifata ubusa.

Imana ntirenganya. Ntimwibagirwe no kunyuza amaso muri commentaires!

Callixte Mbarushimana : Kagame yaramubeshyeye bifata ubusa.

https://youtu.be/qAZDUuFHjx0?si=tG8qG84-HTpFHgLH

### "Be courteous to all, but intimate with few; and let those few be well tried before you give them your confidence", George Washington. ###

[Rwanda Forum] Perezida Kagame yahaye imbabazi abarimo Bamporiki na CG (Rtd) Gasana Emmanuel | IGIHE



Perezida Kagame yahaye imbabazi abarimo Bamporiki na CG (Rtd) Gasana Emmanuel | IGIHE

https://mobile.igihe.com/amakuru/article/perezida-kagame-yahaye-imbabazi-abarimo-bamboriki-na-cg-rtd-gasana-emmanuel

Perezida Kagame yahaye imbabazi abarimo Bamporiki na CG (Rtd) Gasana Emmanuel

Ntabareshya Jean de Dieu

Perezida Paul Kagame yahaye imbabazi abagororwa bari bafunzwe barimo Edouard Bamporiki wahoze ari Umunyamabanga wa Leta muri Minisiteri y'Urubyiruko n'Umuco ndetse na CG (Rtd) Gasana Emmanuel wari Guverineri w'Intara y'Iburasirazuba.

Iteka rya Perezida riha imbabazi abagororwa ryasohotse ku igazeti ya Leta ku wa 18 Ukwakira 2024 rigaragaza ko hari abagororwa bahawe imbabazi barimo n'abo bari bafungiwe mu Igororero rya Nyarugenge.

Ku wa 23 Mutarama 2023 nibwo Urukiko Rukuru rwongereye ibihano byari byahawe Bamporiki Edouard wari Umunyamabanga wa Leta muri Minisiteri y'Urubyiruko n'Umuco by'imyaka ine, rutegeka ko afungwa imyaka itanu, akanatanga n'ihazabu ya miliyoni 30 Frw.

Icyo gihe Bamporiki yari yahamijwe ibyaha birimo kwihesha ikintu cy'undi hakoreshejwe uburiganya no gukoresha mu nyungu ze bwite ububasha ahabwa n'itegeko, hashingiwe ku mafaranga yahawe n'umushoramari Gatera Norbert mu iburanisha ryo mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge.

Kuri Gasana Emmanuel Urukiko rwisumbuye rwa Nyagatare rwakatiye CG (Rtd) Gasana Emmanuel, gufungwa imyaka itatu n'amezi atandatu n'ihazabu ya miliyoni 36Frw. Ni nyuma yo kumuhamya icyaha cyo gukoresha ububasha ahabwa n'amategeko mu nyungu ze bwite.

Abahawe imbabazi bose barasabwa kubahiriza ibintu bitandukanye birimo no kwiyereka Umushinjacyaha wo ku Rwego rw'Ibanze rw'aho aba, aho ubushinjacyaha bukorera, no kumumenyesha Umudugudu, Akagari, Umurenge n'Akarere by'aho aba, mu gihe cy'iminsi 15 kuva iri teka ritangajwe mu Igazeti ya Leta ya Repubulika y'u Rwanda.

Hari kandi kwitaba Umushinjacyaha ku Rwego rw'Ibanze rw'aho atuye, aho ubushinjacyaha bukorera, inshuro imwe mu kwezi ku munsi wagenwe n'Umushinjacyaha ku Rwego rw'Ibanze no gusaba Minisitiri ufite ubutabera mu nshingano uruhushya igihe cyose ashatse kujya mu mahanga.

Ibyo bigomba kubahirizwa ku wahawe imbabazi kugeza igihe yari asigaje cy'igifungo cye kirangiye.

Iyo bitubahirijwe hari ubwo uwahawe imbabazi ashobora kuzamburwa, iteka rikomeza rigira riti "Imbabazi za Perezida zishobora kwamburwa uwazihawe bitewe n'imwe mu mpamvu zikurikira: akatiwe kubera ikindi cyaha, mu rubanza rwabaye ndakuka; atubahirije kimwe mu byategetswe muri iri teka."

Icyo gihe kandi Uwambuwe imbabazi afungwa igice cy'igihano cy'igifungo yari asigaje igihe yahabwaga imbabazi.

Uretse abahawe imbabazi ku gihano bari basigaje hari uwagabanyirijwe ibihano ari we PC Tuyishime Moise wari warahanishijwe igifungo cy'imyaka 25 ariko kikaba cyagabanyijwe kugera ku myaka 10.

Gasana Emmanuel yafunzwe yari Guverineri w'Intara y'Iburasirazuba

### "Be courteous to all, but intimate with few; and let those few be well tried before you give them your confidence", George Washington. ###

Re: [Rwanda Forum] Umutangabuhamya mu rubanza rwa Dr Rwamucyo yasabye ubuhungiro mu Bufaransa

Pour les incrédules et de mauvaise foi Triples i:

Procès du Dr Rwamucyo à la Cour d'Assises de Paris, France. 3è semaine. Synthèse hebdomadaire des audiences et commentaires d'Emmanuel Neretse

Procès du Dr Rwamucyo à la Cour d'Assises de Paris, France. 3è semaine. ... Du lundi 14 au vendredi 18 octobre 2024, c'était la troisième semaine d' audiences dans ce procès intenté con...

Le samedi 19 octobre 2024 à 01:58:50 UTC+2, 'Nzi Nink' via Rwanda Forum <rwandaforum@googlegroups.com> a écrit :



Umutangabuhamya mu rubanza rwa Dr Rwamucyo yasabye ubuhungiro mu Bufaransa.

https://www.veritasinfo.fr/2024/10/umutangabuhamya-mu-rubanza-rwa-dr-rwamucyo-yasabye-ubuhungiro-mu-bufaransa.html

Umutangabuhamya mu rubanza rwa Dr Rwamucyo yasabye ubuhungiro mu Bufaransa

Inkuru iri kuvugwa ku mbuga nkoranyambaga ni uko umutangabuhamya watanzwe n'ubushinjacyaha mu rubanza rwa Dr Eugène Rwamucyo yasabye ubuhungiro mu gihugu cy'Ubufaransa nyuma yo gutanga ubuhamya muri urwo rubanza. Abari mu rukiko bose bakaba barumiwe nyuma yo kumva icyemezo cy'uwo mutangabuhamya!

Mu rubanza rwa Dr Eugène Rwamucyo, urukiko rwabonye igikorwa kidasanzwe ubwo umutangabuhamya wahamagajwe n'Ubushinjacyaha, «Bwana Emmanuel Birasa», yasabaga gutanga ubuhamya bwe mu buryo bw'ibanga (à huis clos). Mu gihe yabwiraga Président w'urukiko impamvu y'icyo cyifuzo, yavuze ko afite ibintu bikomeye ashaka gutangaza ariko bikaba bigomba kumvywa n'abafite uruhare gusa muri urwo rubanza.

Nyuma y'uko abari bakurikiye urubanza basohowe mu rukiko, Emmanuel Birasa yatangaje ibintu byahinduye imigendekere y'urwo rubanza. Yagize ati: «Ibyo nashinje Rwamucyo byose ni ibinyoma!» Yongeyeho ko yashyizweho igitutu gikomeye n'inzego z'ubuyobozi z'u Rwanda ku buryo nta yandi mahitamo yari afite uretse kwemera kubeshyera Dr Rwamucyo. Yarangije asaba imbabazi Dr Rwamucyo, amubwira ati: «Mbabarira ngusabye imbabazi, nanjye sinjye!»

Iyi mvugo yatunguye benshi barimo bakurikirana urwo rubanza, kuko Emmanuel Birasa yahise asaba Président w'urukiko kumusabira ubuhungiro mu gihugu cy' Ubufaransa. Yagize ati: «Ikindi nyakubahwa Président, ndasaba ubuhungiro kuko nsubiye mu Rwanda banyica!» Mu gihe ibi byari bimaze kuvugwa, Dr Rwamucyo na bagenzi be bari mu rukiko, kimwe na Gauthier n'umugore we Daphrose bamushinja, batunguwe cyane n'amagambo y'uyu mutangabuhamya !

Icyemezo cya Emmanuel Birasa cyo gusaba ubuhungiro nyuma yo gutanga ubuhamya gikomeje kuba inkuru ishyushe mu bitangazamakuru binyuranye no ku mbuga nkoranyambaga. Ibyo Birasa yatangaje bishobora kugira ingaruka zikomeye ku rubanza rwa Dr Rwamucyo, ndetse bikaba byatuma imigendekere yarwo ihinduka mu buryo butari bwitezwe !

Kuva umucamanza yari yafashe ubuhamya bwa Birasa nk'umutangabuhamya w'ingenzi ku byaha bishinjwa Dr Rwamucyo, kwivuguruza kwe bishobora gutuma ubushinjacyaha bubura ikindi kimenyetso gikomeye gishinja Rwamucyo. Ibi kandi bishobora gutuma bigorana ku rukiko mu gufata icyemezo gishingiye ku bimenyetso byagaragajwe. Ikindi ni uko ibyatangajwe na Emmanuel Birasa bishobora gukurura urwicyekwe mu mibanire y'u Rwanda n'Ubufaransa, cyane cyane mu bijyanye no guha ubuhungiro mu Bufaransa abanyapolitiki cyangwa abatangabuhamya bahunze leta y'u Rwanda.

Ubu buhamya buracyasuzumwa n'urukiko kugirango rubufateho umwanzuro, ndetse urubanza rwa Dr Rwamucyo rukaba rwashyize urujijo rwinshi mu bushinjacyaha ku cyemezo urukiko rushobora gufata mu gihe hakomeza kugaragara ubuhamya budasanzwe nk'ubu bwatanzwe na Birasa. Ku rundi ruhande, icyemezo cyo gusaba ubuhungiro cya Emmanuel Birasa cyatumye abatari bacye bibaza ku miterere y'uru rubanza, no ku ruhare politiki ishobora kurugiraho!

Veritasinfo.

### "Be courteous to all, but intimate with few; and let those few be well tried before you give them your confidence", George Washington. ###

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[Rwanda Forum] Umutangabuhamya mu rubanza rwa Dr Rwamucyo yasabye ubuhungiro mu Bufaransa



Umutangabuhamya mu rubanza rwa Dr Rwamucyo yasabye ubuhungiro mu Bufaransa.

https://www.veritasinfo.fr/2024/10/umutangabuhamya-mu-rubanza-rwa-dr-rwamucyo-yasabye-ubuhungiro-mu-bufaransa.html

Umutangabuhamya mu rubanza rwa Dr Rwamucyo yasabye ubuhungiro mu Bufaransa

Inkuru iri kuvugwa ku mbuga nkoranyambaga ni uko umutangabuhamya watanzwe n'ubushinjacyaha mu rubanza rwa Dr Eugène Rwamucyo yasabye ubuhungiro mu gihugu cy'Ubufaransa nyuma yo gutanga ubuhamya muri urwo rubanza. Abari mu rukiko bose bakaba barumiwe nyuma yo kumva icyemezo cy'uwo mutangabuhamya!

Mu rubanza rwa Dr Eugène Rwamucyo, urukiko rwabonye igikorwa kidasanzwe ubwo umutangabuhamya wahamagajwe n'Ubushinjacyaha, «Bwana Emmanuel Birasa», yasabaga gutanga ubuhamya bwe mu buryo bw'ibanga (à huis clos). Mu gihe yabwiraga Président w'urukiko impamvu y'icyo cyifuzo, yavuze ko afite ibintu bikomeye ashaka gutangaza ariko bikaba bigomba kumvywa n'abafite uruhare gusa muri urwo rubanza.

Nyuma y'uko abari bakurikiye urubanza basohowe mu rukiko, Emmanuel Birasa yatangaje ibintu byahinduye imigendekere y'urwo rubanza. Yagize ati: «Ibyo nashinje Rwamucyo byose ni ibinyoma!» Yongeyeho ko yashyizweho igitutu gikomeye n'inzego z'ubuyobozi z'u Rwanda ku buryo nta yandi mahitamo yari afite uretse kwemera kubeshyera Dr Rwamucyo. Yarangije asaba imbabazi Dr Rwamucyo, amubwira ati: «Mbabarira ngusabye imbabazi, nanjye sinjye!»

Iyi mvugo yatunguye benshi barimo bakurikirana urwo rubanza, kuko Emmanuel Birasa yahise asaba Président w'urukiko kumusabira ubuhungiro mu gihugu cy' Ubufaransa. Yagize ati: «Ikindi nyakubahwa Président, ndasaba ubuhungiro kuko nsubiye mu Rwanda banyica!» Mu gihe ibi byari bimaze kuvugwa, Dr Rwamucyo na bagenzi be bari mu rukiko, kimwe na Gauthier n'umugore we Daphrose bamushinja, batunguwe cyane n'amagambo y'uyu mutangabuhamya !

Icyemezo cya Emmanuel Birasa cyo gusaba ubuhungiro nyuma yo gutanga ubuhamya gikomeje kuba inkuru ishyushe mu bitangazamakuru binyuranye no ku mbuga nkoranyambaga. Ibyo Birasa yatangaje bishobora kugira ingaruka zikomeye ku rubanza rwa Dr Rwamucyo, ndetse bikaba byatuma imigendekere yarwo ihinduka mu buryo butari bwitezwe !

Kuva umucamanza yari yafashe ubuhamya bwa Birasa nk'umutangabuhamya w'ingenzi ku byaha bishinjwa Dr Rwamucyo, kwivuguruza kwe bishobora gutuma ubushinjacyaha bubura ikindi kimenyetso gikomeye gishinja Rwamucyo. Ibi kandi bishobora gutuma bigorana ku rukiko mu gufata icyemezo gishingiye ku bimenyetso byagaragajwe. Ikindi ni uko ibyatangajwe na Emmanuel Birasa bishobora gukurura urwicyekwe mu mibanire y'u Rwanda n'Ubufaransa, cyane cyane mu bijyanye no guha ubuhungiro mu Bufaransa abanyapolitiki cyangwa abatangabuhamya bahunze leta y'u Rwanda.

Ubu buhamya buracyasuzumwa n'urukiko kugirango rubufateho umwanzuro, ndetse urubanza rwa Dr Rwamucyo rukaba rwashyize urujijo rwinshi mu bushinjacyaha ku cyemezo urukiko rushobora gufata mu gihe hakomeza kugaragara ubuhamya budasanzwe nk'ubu bwatanzwe na Birasa. Ku rundi ruhande, icyemezo cyo gusaba ubuhungiro cya Emmanuel Birasa cyatumye abatari bacye bibaza ku miterere y'uru rubanza, no ku ruhare politiki ishobora kurugiraho!

Veritasinfo.

### "Be courteous to all, but intimate with few; and let those few be well tried before you give them your confidence", George Washington. ###

[Rwanda Forum] US Limiting Rwanda Arrivals to 3 Airports Over Marburg Virus Concerns | The Epoch Times



US Limiting Rwanda Arrivals to 3 Airports Over Marburg Virus Concerns | The Epoch Times.

https://www.theepochtimes.com/health/us-limiting-rwanda-arrivals-to-3-airports-over-marburg-virus-concerns-5742900?utm_source=goodeveningnoe&src_src=goodeveningnoe&utm_campaign=gv-2024-10-17&src_cmp=gv-2024-10-17&utm_medium=email&est=AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAa%2BwmdB0FmZLo9bIGsWoXCLt3LKYOfPMaszsFx3ZqYsJYjg%3D%3D

US Limiting Rwanda Arrivals to 3 Airports Over Marburg Virus Concerns

The Marburg virus has a high rate of death.

10/17/2024

A medical worker from the Infection Prevention and Control unit wearing full protective equipment carries a meal to an isolation tent housing a man being quarantined after coming into contact with a carrier of the Marburg Virus in Uganda, at the Kenyatta National Hospital in Nairobi, Kenya, on Oct. 8, 2014. Ben Curtis/AP Photo

U.S. officials are directing people flying from Rwanda to three airports for enhanced screening to try to prevent the Ebola-like Marburg virus from spreading into the United States.

All passengers headed for the United States from Rwanda will be routed to the John F. Kennedy Airport in New York City, Chicago O'Hare International Airport, or Dulles International Airport in Virginia, near Washington, according to the U.S. Department of State.

It doesn't matter whether the passengers are Americans, the agency said in a statement.

RwandAir, the main airline flying out of Rwanda, said that travelers taking flights from the country should seek medical advice if they're experiencing symptoms associated with Marburg, such as severe headaches. Passengers cannot fly out of Rwanda if they've been exposed to a confirmed Marburg case until 21 days of being symptom-free have passed, the airline said.

An outbreak of Marburg cropped up in Rwanda, a central African country with a population of about 13 million, in September, authorities there said.

Fifteen of those infected have died, the Rwanda Ministry of Health said on Oct. 16. Another 38 have recovered, and nine are in isolation.

Since the outbreak was announced, all newly confirmed cases have been linked to a hospital in Kigali, and "there is no evidence of community transmission," the agency stated.

Marburg spreads through direct contact with the bodily fluids of infected people or animals, or via items contaminated with the fluids.

Symptoms can appear two to 21 days after infection.

Many patients who contract the virus die.

Although there are no authorized treatments or vaccines, an experimental injection has been given to about 850 people in Rwanda.

The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention said earlier this month that people who do not need to travel to Rwanda should consider avoiding the country because of the outbreak, although the agency has since rescinded the guidance.

The CDC is in charge of the enhanced screening at the three airports, federal officials said. The screening started on Oct. 16.

When travelers from Rwanda arrive at one of the airports, trained CDC workers will observe them for visible signs of illness, take their temperatures, and ask health questions, the CDC said.

If people have a fever or other symptoms, or if the answers show possible exposure to Marburg, a CDC medical officer will conduct an assessment and may direct travelers to a nearby hospital.

U.S. Customs and Border Protection is also helping with the screening, the agency said in a statement. The agency said pilots and crew are being excluded from the screening.

Travelers are being advised to monitor their health for 21 days after leaving Rwanda and to isolate and contact their local health department or their doctor for guidance if they develop symptoms within that period of time.

"Stay home and away from others except to go to a healthcare facility, if told to by the health department or a healthcare provider," the CDC stated.

### "Be courteous to all, but intimate with few; and let those few be well tried before you give them your confidence", George Washington. ###

[Rwanda Forum] Rwanda: Torture, Ill-Treatment in Detention | Human Rights Watch







Rwanda: Torture, Ill-Treatment in Detention | Human Rights Watch

https://www.hrw.org/news/2024/10/15/rwanda-torture-ill-treatment-detention

Rwanda: Torture, Ill-Treatment in Detention

Landmark Trial of Prison Officials Begins to Crack the Wall of Impunity

October 15, 2024 12:00AM EDT

An illustration of the "Yordani", a torture site within Nyarugenge and Rubavu prisons in Rwanda where detainees were forced into a tank filled with dirty water, submerged and beaten.  © 2024 John Holmes for Human Rights Watch

• For decades, Rwandan authorities have subjected detainees, in both official and unofficial detention facilities, to ill-treatment and torture with no accountability.
• A landmark trial of prison officials for murder, torture, and assault, concluded in April, demonstrated that it is possible to begin to break through the entrenched practice of torture.
• The government should conduct a comprehensive investigation into torture in Rwanda's prisons, with help from the African Commission on Human and Peoples' Rights and United Nations experts. 

(Nairobi) – For decades, Rwandan authorities have subjected detainees, in both official and unofficial detention facilities, to ill-treatment and torture, with no accountability, Human Rights Watch said in a report released today. Nevertheless, a landmark trial of 6 prison officials and 12 detainees for murder, torture, and assault at Rubavu prison, concluded in April 2024, demonstrated that it is possible to begin to break through the entrenched practice of torture in Rwanda.

The 22-page report, "'They Threw Me in the Water and Beat Me': The Need for Accountability for Torture in Rwanda," documents torture and ill-treatment by prison officials and detainees in Nyarugenge prison in the capital, Kigali; in Rubavu prison, western Rwanda; and in an unofficial detention facility in Kigali known as "Kwa Gacinya." Human Rights Watch found that judges ignored complaints from current and former detainees about the unlawful detention and ill-treatment, creating an environment of near-total impunity.

"Our research demonstrates that prison officials have been allowed to torture detainees with impunity for years, highlighting the failures of Rwanda's institutions mandated to safeguard detainees' rights," said Clémentine de Montjoye, senior Africa researcher at Human Rights Watch. "The landmark trial of prison officials provides an important first step toward accountability, but a more comprehensive response is necessary to address the deeply entrenched practice of torture in Rwanda."

Between 2019 and 2024, Human Rights Watch interviewed more than 28 people, including 13 former detainees who had been held in unofficial detention sites and in Rubavu and Nyarugenge prisons between 2017 and 2024. Human Rights Watch reviewed YouTube interviews of former prisoners who described being tortured in detention and court documents relating to the trials of 53 people. Among those were some who testified at the trial of the former director at both Nyarugenge and Rubavu prisons, Innocent Kayumba, and 17 others on charges of torture, beatings, murder, and other offenses.

Former detainees told Human Rights Watch about the ordeal detainees faced in sites referred to as "Yordani" that existed in both prisons, where detainees were forced into a tank filled with dirty water, submerged, and beaten. Some said detainees were then made to run around the courtyard barefoot until they collapsed.

Kayumba was director of Rubavu prison until 2019, when he was transferred to Nyarugenge, the same year as the killing of a detainee for which he would eventually stand trial. In Nyarugenge, he put in place the same system to inflict torture, former detainees said. Human Rights Watch obtained the names of 11 prisoners whom former detainees said died in detention following beatings. Several of those cases were brought forward during Kayumba's trial.

Human Rights Watch found a pattern of ill-treatment, mock executions, beatings, and torture at Kwa Gacinya which dates back to at least 2011. In Kwa Gacinya, former detainees said they were held in "coffin-like" cells and were regularly beaten and forced to confess to the crimes with which they were charged, before being transferred to an official detention facility. Human Rights Watch received information that Kwa Gacinya is now being used as a police office, although two sources connected to the security services said that the abuse continues in its basement.

On April 5, the Rubavu High Court convicted Kayumba of the assault and murder of a detainee at Rubavu prison in 2019 and sentenced him to 15 years in prison and a fine of 5 million Rwandan Francs (about US$3,700). Two other Rwanda Correctional Service officers and seven prisoners, who were accused of acting under instruction, were convicted of beating and killing prisoners. Three other correctional service officials were acquitted.

The trial delivered only partial justice, Human Rights Watch said. Officials were convicted of assault and murder, but acquitted of torture, which carries a heavier penalty. Several senior prison officials were acquitted despite the apparently damning evidence presented against them by former detainees. The prisoners who were ordered to beat fellow detainees were given longer sentences of up to 25 years.

Rwanda's National Commission for Human Rights (NCHR) is not independent and has been unable or unwilling to report on cases of torture. In May, Human Rights Watch submitted a third-party report to the Global Alliance of National Human Rights Institutions, which monitors national human rights institutions' compliance with the Principles relating to the Status of National Institutions (The Paris Principles), ahead of its October review of the NCHR's work.

Rwandan authorities routinely curtail the work of institutions with a mandate to monitor prison conditions and prevent torture. At the international level, the Rwandan government has obstructed the United Nations and other institutions from carrying out essential monitoring work in an independent manner.

In May, Human Rights Watch offered to meet with Rwanda's justice minister and the chairperson of the NCHR to share preliminary findings of this research, but its senior researcher was denied entry upon arrival at Kigali International Airport. On September 10, Human Rights Watch sent letters to the justice minister and the NCHR sharing the findings but received no response.

Rwanda should comply with its own constitution and fulfill its obligations under international human rights law, in particular the absolute prohibition on torture and cruel, inhuman, and degrading treatment, Human Rights Watch said. Rwanda's partners, particularly those that support Rwanda's justice sector such as the European Union, should press Rwanda's government to intensify efforts to hold all those responsible for torture accountable.

The government should conduct a comprehensive investigation into torture in Rwanda's prisons. To lend credibility to the investigation, the government should request the assistance of the African Commission on Human and Peoples' Rights and UN experts and publicly report on its findings. Finally, Rwanda should cooperate with the UN Committee against Torture and submit its state party report, due since December 2021, and permit the Subcommittee on Prevention of Torture and other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment to resume its visit to detention facilities unhindered.

"Kayumba's case not only exposes serious and grave problems in Rwanda's correctional services, but critical failings in the judiciary and the national human rights institution," de Montjoye said. "These institutions should carry out a comprehensive investigation into ill-treatment and torture in Rwanda and carry out the necessary systemic reforms."

### "Be courteous to all, but intimate with few; and let those few be well tried before you give them your confidence", George Washington. ###