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Friday 8 January 2016

[haguruka.com] DE LA PROSPÉRITÉ À ‘SAOUDI’ À LA NOYADE AU ‘DARFOUR’1: L’HISTOIRE D’UN MARAIS AU RWANDA, pp. 375-396. Par An Ansoms et Jude Murison "In L’Afrique des Grands Lacs. ANNUAIRE 2011-2012 . University of Edinburgh

 

Cher Joseph, voici en dessous une reference scientifique (Edinburg research explorer) qui peut bien vous appuyer dans  votre "Ikiganiro sur economie chez les Banyarwanda ". Bulya Abawesternazi ni kabombo, balicecekera iyo babona itekinika (ikinyoma n'ubuhendanyi), aliko baba bazi ko ntacyo lizageraho, kuko bazi neza ibibera muli Federation de Russie kuva 150 ans:

"After the collapse of the Soviet Union, a large number of the collective farms (kolkhozesand state farms (sovkhozes) were transformed into agricultural production co-operatives. Average size of the cooperatives is: 76 ha of agricultural land, 72 ha of arable land, 10 members, 19 cattle and 31pigs/cooperative (Table 3, page 8).

The production co-operatives in Russian agriculture must be considered to have relatively poor prospects. They are subject to structural obstacles, which means that it might be difficult for them to become efficient. The financial strength of existing co-operatives is low, so their investment ability is poor. The co-operatives are characterised by low efficiency and profitability. The members have limited financial resources. Hence, they (production cooperatives) can be no role model for other countries (p17).  https://emnet.univie.ac.at/uploads/media/Golovina_Nilsson_Wolz.pdf )"


Les page 393 et 394 dans Ansoms-Murison donnent le point contre quiconque daignerait vous reprocher a tort que les cooperatives sont un probleme pour les petits paysans pauvres.  


Download as Adobe PDF - Edinburgh Research Explorer


http://www.research.ed.ac.uk/portal/files/14134134/16_DE_LA_PROSP_RIT_SAOUDI_Ansoms_Murison.pdf




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“Uwigize agatebo ayora ivi”. Ubutegetsi bukugira agatebo ukariyora uko bukeye n’uko bwije.

"Ce dont j’ai le plus peur, c’est des gens qui croient que, du jour au lendemain, on peut prendre une société, lui tordre le cou et en faire une autre."

“The price good men pay for indifference to public affairs is to be ruled by evil men.”

“The hate of men will pass, and dictators die, and the power they took from the people will return to the people. And so long as men die, liberty will never perish.”

“I have loved justice and hated iniquity: therefore I die in exile."

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